Hello friends!! Come back
with me…. And at this time, I’m going to talk about syntax.. Huh! What is
syntax? Who knows? Nobody? Ha Ha. Okay okay. According to Noam Chomsky (2002:11)
syntax is a lesson or lecture on the principles and processes in which sentences
are arranged in certain languages. So, we can conclude that syntax is the study
of rules that govern how words are combined to form phrases, clauses, and
sentences. Because the syntax discusses the structure of sentences and the
arrangement of a sentence, here I will discuss about ‘Four Types of Sentence Structure’
4 Types of Sentence Structure
A sentence is a unit of text consisting of one or more words related to grammar. A sentence can enter words that are grouped meaningfully to express statements, questions, exclamations, requests, orders or suggestions. Here are 4 types of sentence structures:
1. Simple Sentence Structures
A simple
sentence consists of one independent clause. An independent clause
contains a subject and verb and expresses a complete thought. Examples;
- Synta likes
tea.
- I like coffee.
- Lala did not
go to the party.
- The earth goes round the sun.
2. Compound Sentence Structure
Compound
sentences are two or more independent clauses which are combined with
conjunction or semi-colon. Each of these clauses can form only one sentence.
Examples;
- I like vanilla and Cilla likes
Strawberry.
- Siska went to work but Sinta went to the
party.
There are seven coordinating
conjunctions:
- and, but, or, nor, for, yet, so
3. Complex Sentence Structure
Complex
sentences consist of independent clauses plus dependent clauses. The dependent
clause starts with subordinate conjunctions or relative pronouns, and contains
the subject and verb, but does not express complete thought. Examples;
- We missed our plane because we were
late.
- He left in a hurry after he got a phone
call.
- Do you know the girl who is talking to
Shawn?
Here are some common
subordinating conjunctions:
- after, although, as, because, before,
how, if, once, since, than, that, though, till, until, when, where,
whether, while
Here are the five basic
relative pronouns:
- that, which, who, whom, whose
4. Compound-Complex Sentence Structure
Complex-compound
sentences consist of at least two independent clauses and one or more dependent
clauses. Examples;
- Clara didn't come
because he was ill so Micael was not happy.
- He left in a hurry
after he got a phone call but he came back five minutes later.
